During fetal development and childhood, the brain requires a range of nutrients to build the nervous system and support cognitive development. According to a new review article published in Nutrients, widespread deficiencies in vitamins C, D, and A, as well as iron, iodine, selenium, zinc, and other nutrients, may contribute to the development of autism.
It is an established fact that pregnant women should supplement with folic acid, as it reduces the risk of the baby developing neural tube defects in the brain and spinal cord. According to a new Canadian study, folic acid supplementation may also reduce the risk of the child developing neurological damage and autistic behavior caused by lead exposure. It is crucial for pregnant women to get enough nutrients to support fetal development. Also, they should try to avoid environmental toxins as much as possible.
Pregnant women are advised to take folic acid (vitamin B9) and vitamin D to support fetal growth and neurological development. However, fish oil has received less attention, despite its content of the omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA, which play a crucial role in the development of the brain, vision, and numerous metabolic functions.
New evidence now suggests that supplementation with fish oil alongside the recommended prenatal vitamins may reduce the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight. These findings come from a study published in Frontiers in Nutrition. In addition, fatty fish and fish oil supplements appear to offer other benefits for maternal mood and fetal health.
Breast milk is packed with nutrients that are naturally designed to support a newborn’s growth and development. It is therefore recommended that newborns receive only breast milk during their first six months. However, preterm infants with low birth weight who are exclusively breastfed without additional multivitamin supplementation do not get enough B vitamins. According to a Norwegian study published in Nutrients, this can have a number of health consequences, especially ones that involve the central nervous system. The authors therefore recommend that mothers of preterm infants with low birth weight receive specific dietary guidance in order to optimize their children’s vitamin and mineral status.
Pregnant and breastfeeding women have an increased requirement for vitamin C, which is important both for the development of the fetus and as an antioxidant that protects cells and tissues against damage caused by oxidative stress. There are strong indications that the recommended intake for vitamin C is too low. In addition, pregnant and breastfeeding women who smoke may have an even greater need, according to a population study published in Nutrition Research.
